Author: urmadmin

Making Digital Sound Analog – The Best Of Both Worlds

Ever since the transition to Digital Audio, engineers have been trying to replicate the classic sounds of Analog in the DAW environment. Thanks to some very smart people who’ve put in a lot of tedious work, we’re finally at a point where analog-simulation technology is almost indistinguishable from the real deal.

A – WHAT’S SO GOOD ABOUT ANALOG ANYWAY?

A lot of “old-school” producers and engineers like to look back at the old days of recording and fondly reminisce about the sound of vintage tube mics, preamps, mixing desks and tape machines. You’ll often hear these old-timers talk about the “warmth” and “character” this kind of gear added to the sound. How the transition to digital has “sterilized” music…  it’s become “too clean”, “harsh” and “perfect”.

It’s true that these old pieces of vintage gear have a unique sound and often impart some pleasant characteristics onto the raw material. However, it’s important not to forget the amount of hassle involved in the upkeep and operation of said gear.

Sure, plugging directly into the “neutral” sounding preamps on your digital audio interface and straight into your DAW will result in a much cleaner and more “sterile” sounding raw track. The main reason Analog sounds the way it does is in the first place, is because the signal is having to go through multiple stages of analog saturation to get to an equivalent place.

Just think of how much time, effort, and money you can save in comparison nowadays days with the workflow benefits of a DAW…

B – ANALOG VS DIGITAL

Before we go any further, let’s take a look at some of the pros and cons for each of these recording/mixing mediums:

ANALOG

1. The Pros of Analog:

• Adds some pleasant saturation, warmth and often-beneficial tonal “color”.
• The limitations of Analog encouraged and cultivated a culture of great musicianship and inspired performances – Less editing and “correction” was required from the get-go.
• Mixing engineers and Producers had to perform their craft (manual-automation).
• Less “pokey” sounding transients due to the softening effect of saturation/distortion.
• Smoother high-end due to the high-end roll-off caused by various analog gear and tape types/settings.
• Having faders, buttons and pots to interact with is far superior to using a mouse.

     

     2.  The Often-Overlooked Cons of Analog:

• Editing is extremely time consuming and inaccurate.
• Limited Channel Count.
• Limited pieces of gear available – You can’t put a single piece of gear across 7 different channels simultaneously…
• Patching/routing is a pain, too many cables involved.
• Recallability is terrible.
• High upkeep costs – Reels of tape, tubes and analog components are expensive to purchase and the gear is expensive get serviced.
• A lot of noise and hiss – Each piece of analog gear ads and/or amplifies hiss, eventually getting pretty noticeable.

DIGITAL

1. The Pros of Digital:

• Infinite routing possibilities, no cables required in a DAW!
• Automation available for every parameter – No need to memorize hundreds of fader movements and changes.
• Limitless channel count.
• The ability to use presets and templates – Amazing recallability!
• Less noise from the get-go, removing noise is also easy and painless.
• Editing is extremely fast and accurate.

     2. The Cons of Digital:

• Can encourage lazy musicians with the advent of pitch correction and quantizing.
• Very clean recordings, mixes can sound lifeless as a result.
• Transients sound brittle and “pokey” due to the lack of saturation/softening.
• Converters play an important role in the sound quality, good converters are expensive.
• The interfacing between the engineer and sound is somewhat obstructed by a mouse.

These lists could go on forever, and I’m sure I’ve probably missed off a few things. Long story short, If I were to sum all of these points down into a single sentence on the Analog vs Digital Argument:

“The sound of Analog is more pleasing to the ear, but the workflow of Digital is far more practical and accurate.”

Now that we’ve got that out of the way, let’s have a look at how we can go about trying to recreate the sonic characteristics of Analog in the Digital domain.

C – INTRODUCTION TO ANALOG SIMULATION PLUGINS:

The new simulation options available to us for use in our DAWs offer a very accurate representation of the classic Analog sound, but without any of the drawbacks involved in using the vintage gear.

These plugins give us a means of fusing the positive elements of each world into a new “hybrid” work environment.  We can retain all of the great parts about Digital, but bring back some of what’s missing from the good ol’ days.

To make the most of these simulations and learn how to use them correctly, it’s important to understand the signal flow and characteristics of Analog gear. Let’s take a look at what a typical signal chain looks like in the analog world and break down some of the individual components involved in creating it’s sound.

D – ANALYSIS OF ANALOG SIGNAL FLOW AND GEAR CHARACTERISTICS:

Analog Signal Flow

The classic sound of analog which we are used to hearing on countless albums is the result of multiple stages of saturation. Each piece of gear used throughout the recording and mixing process introduces it’s own degree of tonal shaping. 

Let’s Take a Look at An Example Analog Recording/Mixing Chain:

RECORDING: Mic > Preamp > Channel on Mixing Console > Tape Machine

MIXDOWN: Channel on Mixing Console > Outboard Processing (Compressors, FX, etc.) > Mix Buss > Master Tape

As you can see in the example above, there are at least 5-6 or more stages of saturation taking place between the microphone and the master tape stage.

If you compare the fact that there’s virtually no saturation or tonal imprint being imparted by the recording interfaces and DAW’s used in modern day digital recording, to the several stages of “warming up” and “shaping” going on in the past, it’s easy to see why there’s such a difference in sound and character between the two approaches.

Analog Gear Characteristics

NOTE ON GAIN STAGING: Before you begin using any particular Analog-Simulation plugin I’d highly suggest doing some research on the recommended gain-staging guidelines in it’s respective manual. As easy as it is to improve a mix with this sort of processing, It’s just as easy to screw it up by using it incorrectly and overdoing it!

Tape Machines

Tape machines are probably the first thing that come to mind for most people when somebody mentions Analog, and for good reason. The sound of tape had a huge impact on defining the recorded music we’ve been listening to for the past 50 years or so!

The Characteristics of Tape:

• A gentle high frequency roll-off with varying severity depending on input level, tape-speed and brand of tape used.
• A smooth low-end boost, also varying in level depending on input level, tape-speed and brand of tape used.
• Saturation which adds warmth, depth, presence, smoothness, punch and a subtle compression to the signal it’s fed.

To get a better understanding of the tonal imprint that tape is imparting on your material, check out these frequency analysis on specific tape settings. I conducted these using the Waves Q-Clone & Q-Capture Plugins:

456 Tape at 15ips:

FG9 (GP9) Tape at 30ips:

Notice how the Low-End bump and high-end roll-off are much more significant while using the more-vintage 456 tape type with a slower tape speed of 15ips, while the frequency response is much smoother using the more-modern FG9 tape type at a higher tape speed of 30ips.

Learning the characteristics and differences between each setting and tape type is the key to getting the most out of this type of processing. It can help unlock several less conventional solutions to everyday mixing problems that we’d usually attempt to resolve using a tool like an EQ.

Here are some places to try out a Tape Simulation Plugin:

• Smooth out abrasive high frequency content. For example: An overhead mic with a harsh high-end or a distorted guitar with too much fizz.
• Give a kick drum or bass guitar a nice low-end bump.
• Give an acoustic guitar a vintage tape-pushed-hard sound.
• Saturate your vocals (and anything else really…) and help them cut through the mix.

TAPE-TIP: A general rule of thumb to go by while using tape is: The lower the tape speed, the more of the classic characteristics of tape. The higher the tape speed, the cleaner the sound.

Mixing Consoles:

Much like tape machines, the mixing consoles being used to capture and mix audio in the past played a huge part in adding to the classic vibe of the sound.

The Characteristics of Certain Mixing Consoles:

• Neve style consoles: Thick, Saturated and Vibey. The sound of the 70s: Fleetwood Mac, Cheap Trick and Tom Petty. Great on vocals, vintage drums and driven guitars.
• SSL style consoles: A more modern and aggressive sound, quite clean and punchy – The sound of hard hitting rock. Think Bob Clearmountain (Bryan Adams, Bruce Springsteen) & CLA (Green Day, My Chemical Romance).  Excellent on drums and heavy guitars. 

You’ll often see and hear people talking about the “warm” sound of the classic Neve consoles. Just by running a simple frequency-sweep test we can get a pretty good idea of the actual tonal effect this kind of processing is having on our source material:

Slate Digital VCC2 On the Neve Setting:

Note: It goes without saying that every desk has a unique sound of it’s own, so I won’t go into the details of every single option. To summarize the general effect that a mixing console has on the sound:

“An increase in punch, depth and warmth, added life and excitement.”

Here are some places to try out a Console Simulation Plugin:

• The cool thing about having access to so many different flavors of console is that you can mix and match different sounds depending on the source material. For example: An API on the guitars, A Neve on the Vocals and an SSL on the Drums.
• Steven Slate VCC comes with regular channel version of the plugin, as well as a MixBuss version of the plugin. Try using the channel version of VCC on your individual inputs and bussing them together into groups for further Console saturation.
• The VCC MixBuss plugin is also an excellent tool for mastering. It is a quick way to add a bit of extra glue, punch and harmonic excitement to a full mix.

Microphone Preamps:

Generally speaking, the microphone preamps built-into modern day audio interfaces are very neutral eq-wise and very clean saturation-wise. These pre’s are great for capturing an accurate digital representation of a sound, but don’t really lend themselves well to producing sounds which will cut through and sit well in a dense mix.

My usual advice to people asking about which low-budget microphone preamp to buy is simple. They should just stick with the built-in options on their interface until they are in a position to actually afford a more expensive, high-quality option. The simple truth is: Owning a good microphone preamp won’t drastically improve your mixes.

Don’t get me wrong… of course a good interface will help improve the raw tones you are capturing from the get go, just not to the extent that some of the gear snobs around the audio forums would try to have you believe.

The Characteristics of Vintage Microphone Preamps:

• Added warmth, depth, punch and presence.
• Subtle saturation (or not-so-subtle, depending on usage).
• Varying tonal accentuation depending on brand, price range,  etc. Ex: Neve preamps are fat and silky, API preamps are quite mid-focused and transient.

NOTE: I know that I’m beginning to sound a bit like a broken record at this point. This is simply because the characteristics I’ve listed above are the main characteristics that most high-quality pieces of Analog gear have in common.

Digital Preamp Simulation:

A fairly recent addition to Slate Digital’s already-amazing back catalog of amazing Analog modeling plugins is the new “Virtual Preamp Collection”.

This plugin was designed to be used in conjunction with their new “Virtual Microphone System.” Due to the fact that a lot of modern day digital audio interfaces are so clean and transparent, it also serves as an amazing tool for spicing up some otherwise very-clean sounding “straight into the interface” recordings during the mixing process.

Ever since I got my hands on this plugin last year I find myself wondering “Why do I need to spend thousands on tons of external preamps again???” I’m sure a lot of other people are also thinking the same thing. It’s truly a testament to the quality of product which the guys at Slate are delivering recently.

NOTE: I’d highly recommend giving VPC, as well as the other Slate Digital plugins a go. They are extremely affordable and provide what I believe to be the best analog simulation options available on the market today.

Some Final Words on Analog/Digital:

The truth is, Analog was never perfect and neither is Digital… It’s our job as engineers to research, experiment, learn and do whatever it takes to figure out and develop methods of reaching the sounds we envision in our heads.

As I’ve mentioned before in my previous Blogs, and is mentioned frequently by the awesome guys at URM and their guests: It’s not about the gear you use, it’s about the way you use it.

CONCLUSION:

This concludes my article on “Making Digital Sound Analog”.

I hope you’ve enjoyed this article and possibly gained something through reading it. Make sure to share this with your friends and feel free to leave comments or questions in the section below. 

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Want mix tips from URM Academy? Read them here!

Nail The Mix is our online mixing school that gives you REAL multi-tracks from REAL bands, plus a mixing class from the producer who recorded it. Past guests include Periphery, Chelsea Grin, Machine Head and State Champs. Join now for instant access!

Recording Electric Guitars – Silent Recording Options: Part 2 

In the current age of digital recording technology, we have more options available to us than ever before. When it comes to capturing great guitar tones within a home studio environment/budget, we’ve never had it better.

Here is an overview of what I consider to be some of the best silent-recording options available today:

Recording Option #2: Hybrid Setup – Real Amp + Reactive Load Box + Speaker Simulation

Using a Load-Box is my  favorite way to record guitars silently. This method is the most accurate way to capture the sound and feel of an analog amplifier, while retaining most of the benefits of silent recording.

Introduction to Load Boxes

To use this method you’ll need to purchase a Load-Box. More specifically, a Load-Box with a line output option. A Load-Box is a piece of gear which can be used to replace a speaker cabinet. It loads your amp’s speaker output down to a line level signal, so that you can safely connect it up to your audio interface without damaging it.

Load-Boxes come in a few technical variations

• Reactive Load-Boxes
• Resistive Load-Boxes
• Load-Boxes With or Without Built-In Speaker Emulation

What’s the difference between Reactive and Resistive?

Think of it this way: When an amplifier is plugged into a speaker cabinet, the signal flow relationship between the head and the cab isn’t exactly linear. It’s more of a push/pull, “interactive” relationship. This has a huge influence on the way that the gear sounds, how it reacts, and how it feels to play through as a guitarist.

NOTE: In more technical terms, this relationship between the amp and the speaker cabinet is called the “impedance curve” of the gear.

Reactive Load-Boxes

As it’s name suggests, a reactive Load-Box will preserve this Impedance Curve. It allows your gear to “react” with the guitar player, thus retaining the benefits of playing through a real speaker cabinet.

Resistive Load-Boxes

A resistive Load-Box on the other hand, will get rid of the Impedance Curve. It loses the relational benefits gained from playing through a real cab.

Load-Boxes With or Without Built-In Speaker Emulation

While using a Load-Box you’ll still need to use speaker simulation on the back-end of your chain.

Some Load-Boxes come with built-in speaker emulation. Others simply serve the sole purpose of converting your amp’s speaker output into a line level signal and don’t really do anything else.

Which one to go for mainly comes down to where and how you’re planning to use the unit. If you’re planning on using the Load-Box for live performance as well as studio recording, you might be better off going with an option with built-in speaker simulation. You can save yourself from having to buy an additional speaker simulation unit in the future.

Whichever option you go for, you’re bound to find a speaker simulation setup that works well. There’s a plethora of accurately captured 3rd party speaker impulse-response packs available from companies like Ownhammer, Two-Notes, JST, Fat Lazy Cabs, etc. (Check out Part 1 of my “Silent Recording Options” Blog for a longer list of speaker simulation software and IR packs)

Which Load-Box Should I Buy?

The Torpedo Live Digital Load-Box which I use at Brett Brothers Recording Studio.

Good Load-Boxes aren’t a cheap purchase by any means… but they make up for it by providing an excellent way to capture the sound and feel of a real amp in complete silence. They also retain the user-friendly functionality of having analog knobs and switches to tweak in real-time.

There are quite a few great reactive load boxes to choose from available on the market at the moment. Most of these products serve the same purpose. They mainly differ in connectivity options and extra features (such as built-in speaker simulation).

Here’s a list of a few excellent Load-Box options to consider

NOTE: I won’t go into too much detail about the individual products in these lists. They each offer a different set of features and functionality and would require a whole blog post for each of them in order to cover everything. I’d highly recommend checking out some sound demos and doing your own research before you make a decision on which unit to buy.

Example Load-Box With Built-In Speaker Emulation

Two Notes Engineering Products – Torpedo-Live, Torpedo Studio

Reactive, Built-In Speaker Simulation, Additional Functionality

• Built-in, High-Quality Two-Notes speaker simulation included within each unit. The built in simulation is extremely tweakable, with parameters such as microphone choice, microphone placement, speaker choice and power-tube simulation.
• Extremely versatile when used alongside the “Torpedo Wall of Sound III” plugin within your DAW.
• Supplies a Reactive Load for your amp, which helps to maintain the warmth, dynamics and feel of playing through a real speaker cabinet.
• Great for Live-Use. You can load your favorite IR’s into the units and keep a consistent tone every night without the need for any extra speaker simulation gear.

Example Load-Box Without Built-In Speaker Emulation

Suhr Reactive Load

Reactive, No Built-In Speaker Simulation or Extra Functionality

• Supplies a Reactive Load for your amp, which helps to maintain the warmth, dynamics and feel of playing through a real speaker cabinet.
• A more affordable option than the high-end Two-Notes products. However, the lower price point is reflected in the fact that the unit is a bit of a one-trick-pony (Albeit a very high-quality pony!). There’s no built in speaker-simulation or extra bells and whistles.
• Mainly designed for studio use. You’ll have to pair the unit with some additional speaker simulation (such as a Two-Notes Cab unit) if you want to use it live.

Other High-End Load-Boxes to Check Out

• Fryette Power Station
• Radial HeadLoad

NOTE: There are many more brands and models to choose from when it comes to Load Boxes. These are just some of the more popular high-quality options available at the moment. Whatever you decide to go for, make sure to check out reviews and do some thorough research before you pull the trigger on anything!

Here’s a brief step-by-step guide on how to record using a real amplifier alongside a Load-Box and some speaker simulation software in your DAW

IMPORTANT NOTE ON USING AMPLIFIERS: Always make sure to have a speaker cabinet or Load-Box connected while using a guitar/bass amplifier! (Unless the amp has an in-built load-box, such as the Laney IRT Studio). Using an amplifier without connecting it to a suitable load can damage the amp and cost a ton to repair!

How to do it

1. Buy a Load Box. (Check out my list above)
2. Make sure that the speaker output of your amplifier is connected to the correct speaker input on your Load-Box depending on the impedance of the amp. Always make sure the Load-Box is turned on before you switch on your amp. (This is very important, as you can fry the output transformer on the amp if you use it without connecting it to a proper load!)
3. Set the gain and EQ settings on your amp similar to where you’d usually set them. Make sure to set the amp volume at a level close to what you’d usually use, as if you were playing through a speaker cabinet in a room. Just because you can crank the volume on the amp to 10 in a silent recording scenario doesn’t mean you should… Running your amp volume too high runs the risk of damaging it in the long run, and it probably won’t sound it’s best at stupid levels anyway…
4. Connect the line output of your Load-Box to your audio interface and set the input gain on the interface appropriately. (So that it’s loud enough, but not clipping when the guitar is strummed hard)
5. Load up a speaker simulator as the first plugin in the chain in your DAW (Check out Part 1 of my “Silent Guitar Recording” Blog for a list of speaker simulation plugins and IR packs)
6. Choose the speaker IR that fits your tone and song the best.
7. You are now ready to play/record!

Recording Option #3: Hybrid Setup – Real Amp + Power-Amp Simulation + Speaker Simulation

This is another interesting option, as it allows you to record directly from the preamp section of any real amplifier which has an FX loop or DI output.

The main benefits of this method include utilizing the pre-amp section of a real guitar amplifier to record, while also being able to run real FX units and stomp-boxes. The main downside of this method is that you’ll still need to hook your amp up to a suitable load, as not to damage any of the components.

IMPORTANT NOTE ON USING AMPLIFIERS: Always make sure to have a speaker cabinet or Load-Box connected while using a guitar/bass amplifier! (Unless the amp has an in-built load-box, such as the Laney IRT Studio). Using an amplifier without connecting it to a suitable load can damage the amp and cost a ton to repair!

How to do it

1. Make sure that the speaker output of your amplifier is connected to the correct speaker input on your Load-Box depending on the impedance of the amp. Always make sure that the Load-Box is turned on before you switch on your amp. (This is very important, as you can fry the output transformer on the amp if you use it without connecting it to a proper load!)
2. Turn the master volume of the amp down and leave it there for the entire process. The power section of the amp is unused in this method.
3. Run a regular TS cable between the FX send of the amp and into an instrument input on your recording interface or into a DI box (some amps have a separate “Preamp” or “DI” output). (Check out Part 1 of my “Silent Guitar Recording” Blog for an in-depth explanation of DI boxes)
4. Run another TS cable into the FX return of the amplifier, but don’t plug the other end of it into anything.
5. Set the gain and EQ on the amp where you usually would (depending on the tone you’re after). Adjust the input gain on your interface so that it’s loud enough, but doesn’t peak when you strum hard.
6. Place your power-amp simulation of choice as the first plugin in your chain within your DAW. Most amp simulation plugins have built-in power amp simulation. Just turn off the pre-amp simulation and FX within the plugin so that it is only acting as a power amp simulator. (see the TSE X50V2 example below)
7. Place your speaker simulation plugin as the 2nd plugin in your chain in your DAW. You can either use 3rd party cab IR’s such as the Ownhammer libraries with an impulse loader (NadIR by Ignite Audio is my favorite) or simply use the built-in speaker simulation suites in amp-sims such as Guitar Rig or Amplitube.

BONUS TIP: Some impulse responses are initially captured through neutral solid-state power amps with a very flat EQ response. Others are captured through tube power amps with a more colored response. Depending on which speaker impulse response you choose to use, you might not need any power amp simulation beforehand. The impulse will already have been captured through one.

Recording Option #4: Modeling/Profiling Amps + “Studio” Amps

Modeling/Profiling Amplifiers

One of the most popular and arguably most revolutionary developments in guitar tone of the past decade, is the rise of the “digital modeling amplifier”.

The ability to capture or model a specific tone, which can then be recalled instantly at any desired moment, with nothing more than the simple click of a button, offers countless practical and workflow-related benefits which weren’t really available until fairly recently.

When this type of digital amp simulation technology first started to come about, many people, including myself, remained unimpressed when shown side-by-side comparisons between the real deal and the “imitation”. Fast forward a few years later, and the technology used in high-end modeling and amp profiling has been improved to the point that most of these “non-believers” have been converted to the cause. Even the most trained ears would be hard-pressed to tell the difference between the two in a blind shootout.

NOTE: As I briefly mentioned in my previous Blog entry, this isn’t a question of digital being better than analog, or visa versa. However, I do strongly believe that anybody who is still clinging on to the ancient mindset of “digital is inferior to analog” is bound to miss out on an amazing opportunity to access an incredibly versatile array of tonal options, at an extremely affordable price-point. As I said in my previous Blog: If the end product is good, the gear used to get there is irrelevant!

A List of Great Modeling/Profiling Amplifiers For You to Check Out

• Kemper Profiling Amplifier
• Axe FX
• Line 6 Helix
• Bias Head
• Atomic Amplifire
• Yamaha THR100H/HD

“Studio” Amplifiers

Studio amplifiers are a rather new hybrid guitar recording option. They aim to combine the sound and user-friendly interface of using an analog amplifier, with the functional benefits of having built-in Load-Boxes and speaker emulation.

These amps are usually available at a very reasonable price point. They offer a great alternative to some of the more expensive and extravagant modeling options. Unfortunately there aren’t too many options in this category available on the market just yet. However I have no doubt that more and more companies will start releasing some really strong contenders in this area pretty soon.

Personally, I’m huge fan of simplicity when it comes to guitar tone. Despite being one of the least expensive pieces of gear in my studio, I often opt for using my Laney Ironheart Studio over some of my other amp and speaker options simply because of how effortless it is to set up and dial in a good tone with.

Final Words

This concludes Part 2 of my “Recording Electric Guitars – Silent Recording Options” series. I hope that this article has given you some new ideas and plugins to try out during your next project.

Be sure to let me know in the comment section below if any of this information has helped you out, or if you have any further questions regarding anything I’ve talked about here.

Stay tuned for future articles on all things Recording and Production related!

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Want mix tips from URM Academy? Read them here!

Nail The Mix is our online mixing school that gives you REAL multi-tracks from REAL bands, plus a mixing class from the producer who recorded it. Past guests include Periphery, Chelsea Grin, Machine Head and State Champs. Join now for instant access!